Pronunciation and Spelling in English (стр. 4 из 10)
[ eI ]
EA[ɑ:]
[ i:]
[ e ]
Ex. 5.5 Read the following words. Identify the sound of each line.
[ ] 1. food, boot, foolish, boost
[ ] 2. good, cook, took, look
[ ] 3. should, would, could
[ ] 4. blood, flood
[ ] 5. door, four, floor, boor
[ ] 6. moor, tour, poor
[ ] 7. brooch
[ ] 8. round, found, sound, pound
[ ] 9. soul, bowl, mould, shoulder
[ ] 10. touch, rough, nourish, courage
[ ] 11. soup, group, boulevard, goulash
[ ] 12. thought, bought, caught, fought
[ ] 13. you, youth
Ex. 5.6 Pick out the odd word.
Example:
Like by ninth live
1. monkey — donkey — whiskey — key
2. feudal — few — sew — queue
3. cook – look – pound – could
4. foot — good — food — cook
5. round — house — ounce — trouble
6. could — would — mould — should
7. seize — receive — deictic – ceiling
8. toilet – tortoise – boycott – buoy
9. joy –oily –voyage – connoisseur
10. annoy – choice – they –joy – poison
11. pear — swear — near — bear
12. door – floor – start – small
13. cream — head — leave — fleet
14. purple – thirsty – journey – there
15. ooze—wood—kangaroo—booze
16. courage — soul — trouble — nourish
17. plaintiff — raider — plaintive — plaid
18. bread – reads – pence – very
19. work – third – person – hair
20. size – grey – life – eye
21. buy – like – rich – kind
22. wear – ear - hear – nearly
23. earn – third – where – dirty
Ex. 5.7 Give 2 examples to each variant of pronunciation of the given digraph.
[əυ] [aυ]
[u:]
OU[Λ]
[ɔ:]
[ Ŋ ]
Ex. 5.8 Underline the words in which the vowel combinations are read according to the basic rule:
Cream, bleed, leave, fleet, death, dean, daily, head, rouge, great, tie, key, few, ceiling, thief, plain.
Oar, fair, fuel, fare, ore, type, ear, prior, giant, pure, fire, here, trial, real.
May, oak, coin, connoisseur, heaven, broad, seize, agree, soar, aid, via, fiery, idiot, lie, peer, fear, lean, Sunday, says, formulae, main, leisure, sea, eagle, receive, triumph, foam, aegis, sieve, needle, people, leopard, die, Leicester, pseudonym, ceiling, holiday, read, clear.
Reading of the digraph “ou” in homographes:
slough – сброшенная кожа змеи, забытая привычка; уныние, депрессия, болото.
wound – рана; крутиться, извиваться (pastofwind)
Ex. 5.9 Translate the sentences and transcribe the underlined words:
1. When I was going through the slough, I saw a slough.
2. Sometimes your slough can remind about itself. We went to the forest and found a slough there.
3. A man was injured, he had a wound. A snake wound in the cage.
4. While he was wounding, somebody wounded him.
Ex. 5.10
Place the following words in the grids according to their vowel sound.
Rich\ curl\ death\ month\ shone\ lawn\ cart\ suit\ breathe\ flashed\ loom\ herd\ still\ earn\ hemmed\ poured\ torn\ scene\ cruise\ floor\ dock\ just\ would\ don\ sword\ hoop\ banned\ rang\ bin\ love\ hat\ bird\ stabbed\ hood\ farm\ ought\ ridge\ ton\ cloth\ chalk\ hoot\ son\ link\ next\ calm\ germ\ hymn\ cab\ wood\ breath\ creep\ itch\ blood\ cough\ should\ could\ black\ said\ pearl\ edge\ shopped\ eve\ barred\ soup\ leaf\ bard\ begged
Short vowel sounds
| pit [pIt] | pat [pæt] | pet [pet] | putt [pʌt] | pot [pɒt] | put [pυt] |
Long vowel sounds
| peat [pi:t] | pert [pз:t] | part [pɑ:t] | port [pɔ:t] | boot [pu:t] |
Ex. 5.11
| a) Pronounce the words:foot – booth – floodbooklet – coop – hookhoof – footer – looterwooed – wood – mooringstaproom – sooty – woofdoubt – honorable – toughneighbour – drought – coupshould – soup – pouringthought – amount – loachesaloud – louver – broochcolourist – pounding – coulter | b) Choose the right variant:[u:] a) wood, b) foolish, c) country[Λ] a) ooze, b) flood, c) boot[υ:] a) good, b) brooch, c) floor[əυ] a) nourish, b) mould, c) koumiss[Λ] a) cough, b) tough, c) soup[u:] a) douche, b) bounce, c) soundc) Find the odd word:1. plait, plaid, said, aiglet2. heir, seize, ceiling, inveigle3. Leicester, either, height, seismograph4. break, great, steak, bread5. tear, heart, fear, tear |
Ex. 5.12 Give some examples on each of these combinations, but all of them should denote the sound [ei]:
aiei
[ei]
ay ey
Ex. 5.13 Pronounce the following pairs of words and write down the sounds:
[ ] – [ ]:daughter – Dottie
caution – coughing
naughty – novice
[ ] – [ ]:
joined – John
oyster – ostrich
soiled – solid
[ ] – [ ]:
tomb – tour
view – viewer
queue – cure
[ ] – [ ]:
cleaning – clearly
ease – ears
[ ] – [ ]:
beer – bear
teary – dairy
peer –pair
[ ] – [ ]:
climb – cloud
finder – founder
dry – drought
Ex. 5.14 Divide the words into columns:
| [i:] | [e] | [aiə] | [I] |
Eel, bread, aegis, seize, leisure, said, quay, says, diet, key, monkey, ion, leopard, formulae, fiery, sweat, agree, giant, biscuit, lion, Leonard, connoisseur, violate, breath, diamond, auntie, pioneer, species, biological, people, jeopardy, piece, triumph, feather, via, friend, achieve, dialogue, mischief, diadem, build.
Ex. 5.15 Insert the suitable word:
fair/fare, buy/bye, waist/waste, flower/flour
1. This man in black is ...
2. When you get on bus you have to pay ...
3. My wife is satisfied with her good ...
4. It is necessary to say “Good ...” when you leave home.
5. It is a ... of time.
6. I am proud of my ...
7. We can’t bake a cake without ...
8. The girl has painted a ...
Ex. 5.16 Find a way from start to finish. You may pass a square only if the word in it has the sound [aυ]. You can move horizontally or vertically only.
START
| house | sound | group | about | mouth | cow |
| soup | out | brown | mouse | bought | south |
| could | couple | grow | low | would | cloud |
| know | snow | touch | ought | down | count |
| thought | should | slow | blow | pound | young |
| soul | country | though | throw | town | round |
FINISH
Ex. 5.17 Group the words below according to the pronunciation of the stressed vowels. Compare the meanings of single vowels and vowel combinations. What principle of reading vowel digraphs do the given words illustrate?
| 1. [e]2. [eı] 3. [I] | 4. [i:] 5. [aı] 6. [əυ] | 7. [ɒ]8. [ɔ I]9. [u:] |
Antennae, beg, beige, believe, brooch, bruise, boy, buy, by, coin, die, dine, either, got, in, key, made, maiden, needle, neutral, obey, pay, people, receive, seat, she, shoulder, soap, sold, soup, steak, tune, true.
Ex. 5.18 Practice reading the following words.
The letter "a":
pale, dale, rake, navy, table, ladle, staple, cradle, apron, sabre, latch, rack, jacket, quack, yank, jag, carry, parrot, garret, sparrow, barrel, rattle, tangle, sample, angry, fare, Mary, snare, daring, age, sharing, air, hairy, chair, repair, affair, farce, arch, jar, market, scarf, alarm, call. all, also, chalk, walk, tall, augur, sauce, pause, aught, author, caught, taught, claw, crawl, law, yawn, hawk, jaw, draw, day, nail, rain, wait, gait, quail, chain, away, praise, lay;
The letter "o":
nose, probe, Joe, quote, drove, wove, phone, noble, ogre, cobra, joke, ogle, yoke, jog, lodge, wrong, knock, knot, strong, core, shore, wore, oral, score, story, storm, mort, orchard, thorn, force, pork, lorry, horror, borrow, porridge, goggle, jostle, bottle, scallop, foam, coal, load, toast, roach, throat , coach, oak, roam, hold, cold, gold, jolt, stroll, roll, scold, pillow, show, window, snow, glow, crow, yellow, row, know, own, hook, hoys, coil, coy, choice, enjoy, roil, voice, destroy, cook, book, wood, look, stood, rook, coo, wool, soon, moon, zoo, broom, coop, hover, too, wooed, roof, ooze, sooth, out, about, mouth, south, scouts, count, down, town, crowd, crown, clown, howl, jowl, fowl, tower, power, flower, shower, coward, towel, trowel;
The letter "u":
cute, cube, humour, purple, unit, super, student, bugle, bugler, duty, computer, tunic, cure, Ural, pure, dual, obscure, endure, fury, curious, furious, jury, plural, cruel, rural, flue, true, rule, jute, truce, June, lunar, plume, chute, under, cut, run, jump, thunder, just, hungry, hurry, current, burrow, humble, struggle, bungle, uncle, buckle, crumple, cur, hurl, turkey, gurgle, curtains, Thursday, lurch, further, turn;
The letter "e":
bead, these, cede, Eve, recent, scene, secret, legal, sere, zero, sphere, cero, hero, mere, inhere, severe, era, well, text, vet, wet, zest, length, theft, gentle, error, cherry, sherry, Jerry, where, terror, derrick, kettle, temple, nettle, verse, germ, perch, concern, German, mercy, thermos, leap, knead, gleam, streak, teach, quean, streak, easy, wreak, veal, creek, cheep, screed, jeep, breeze, meeting, kneel, seethe, queer, wheedle, ear, tear, clear, weary, hear, rear, beard, smeary, beer, cheer, fleer, jeer, queer, pioneer, few, hew, news, yew, view, stew, newspaper, flew, grew, drew, blew, chew, threw, seize, deceive, conceit, conceive, receive, ceiling;
The letters "i/y":
nice, knife, fly, type, stifle, trifle, fibre, nylon, idle, hydra, cycle, quite, fire, lyre, tyre, quire, wire, byre, require, pick, quick, think, crypt, symbol, myth, system, gym, gyps, with, griddle, little, wiggle, sizzle, scribble, thimble, mirror, chirrup, squirrel, shirk, chirp, thirty, birch, smirch, sir, circle, quirt, Myrtle, bind, kind, mind, wind, grind, behind, high, light, might, knight, bright, thigh, tight, sigh, dial, trial, lion, diary, triumph, pioneer, flyer, giant, quiet, violin, field, grieve, believe, achieve, thief, thieve , piece.
Vowel Letter Combinations
ay, ai
says, quay, certainly, always, holiday, Sunday, certainty, Monday, portrayal, play, clay, aid, straight, against, fair, chair, rain, air, said, aisle, balalaika, curtain, claim, certain, pay, again, plait, plaid, plaintiff, plaintive, quay age, clay
ea
eagle, stream, sea, deal, bread, meal, lean, feather, sweat, breath, breakfast, heaven, pleasure, break, great, steak, fear, idea, tear, theatre, clear, earthly, rear, earthworm, Earn, earn, ear-splitting, Earn Shaw, earring, earnest, eaglet, each, eager, Easter, leave
ee
eel, needle, agree, addressee, employee, peer, beer, beetle, teenager, teem, teetotal, returnee
ei, ey
veil, convey, receive, key, height, eye, either, seismograph, sleight, money, heifer, Reynolds, atheism, deity, heir, heirloom, leitmotif, beige, donkey, eight, Leicester, weight, leisure, ceiling, receive, seize, geyser, they, survey, bogey, monkey, whiskey, weird
eu, ew, iew
feudal, few, masseuse, sew, Freudian, masseur, lieutenant, euphemism, feudalism, queue, pseudonym, neutral, Europe, leukocyte, rheumatism, leukemia, leucotomy, Lucite, Peugeot, Reuter, Reuben, reunion, reusable, Seurat, chew, Tewkesberry, mew, mewl, fewness, Newton, New-York
eo
jeopardy, leopard, Geoffrey, Leonard, people, theory, peony, theology, theorem, reorganize, reopen, Seoul, Leo, Leonardo, Leopold, Leonora, deodar, deoxyribonucleic, deodorant, , Neo-Latin, neologism, neoplasm, neonatal.
ie
piece, tie, fierce, tried, studied, dries, fries, friend, flies, sieve, handkerchief, science, pliers, society, acquiesce, Viennese, happiest, Vietnam, viewpoint, achieve, chief, species, series, mischief, auntie, Freddie, brier, fiery, diet, field, fiesta
oo
food, good, blood, flood, door, moor, poor, brooch, zoology, cooperate, cook, book, wood, floor, ooze, boost, boot, foolish, too, woo, kangaroo, foot, boost, boor, boomerang, boondocks, soothe
oi, oy
noise, boy, patois, turquoise, coin, oily, turmoil, boil, connoisseur, tortoise, loiter, loin, soiree, Boyd, boysenberry, boycott, toy
ou
round, soul, touch, group, could, should, would, thought, through, bough, through, rough, cough, thorough, flour, tourist, four, journey, courage, courier, ounce, oust, house, thousand, account, sound, fountain, youth, soup, boulevard, goulash, you, nourish, trouble, poultry, mould, shoulder, bought, slough, house, wound
Ex. 5.19 Spot the homophones:
Homophones are words (or combinations of words) which sound the same, but are spelled differently and have different meanings: meet and meat, seen and scene. Find the pairs of homophones hidden in the list below.
Side, balls, bear, bowled, cue, ducked, fort, work grate, hair, hare, bales, week, dally, bald, hold, fought, weekly, stoke, walk, missed, air, pure, packed, pear, pore, where, pour, duct, bore, seam, quiet, sought, please, shake, wade, sheikh, pleas, weakly, bold, past, sighed, piece, mist, wear, seem, sight, slay, wake, win, steak, stalk, stroke, stork, daily, stake, weak, bare, holed, wine, pact, bawls, passed, wane, queue, great, heir, pair, whine, grant, sleigh, same, weighed, site, peace.
Some of these words do not form pairs of homophones.
Ex. 5.20 Read the following proverbs:
1. The cook stood still and looked the bush was full of good wood.
2. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
3. A sound mind in a sound body.
4. A green wound is soon healed.
5. I wouldn’t like to be in your shoes.
6. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
7. New brooms sweep clean.
8. The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
9. Too good to be true.
10. A little pot is soon hot.
Ex. 5.21 Try to read these tongue-twisters s quick as possible:
1. A tutor who taught on the flute
Tried to teach two young tooters to toot.
Said the two to the tutor,
Is it harder to toot or
To tutor two tooters to toot?
2. Whatever one toucan can do
Is sooner done by toucans two,
And three toucans (it’s very true)
Can do much more than two can do.
3. How many cookies could a good cook if a good cook could cook cookies?
A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.
TEST I
1. Transcribe the following words:
Four, boot, cook, young, couple, good, proud, round, look,foolish, food, sour, moon, loose, pronoun.
2.Sort out the words according to the reading of vowel digraphs: