Литература
1. Английские и русские пословицы и поговорки, М.И. Дубровин.
Москва: Просвещение, 1993 год;
2. Русско-английский словарь пословиц и поговорок, С.С. Кузьмин, Н.Л. Шадрин. Москва: Русский язык, 1989год;
3. Англо-русский фразеологический словарь, А.В. Кунин. 4 издание, Москва, 1984 год;
4. Крылатые слова: их происхождение и значение, Н. М. Эльянова.
Ленинград: Просвещение, 1971 год;
5. Практикум по фразеологии современного английского языка. Пособие для студентов пединститутов (на английском языке).
Ленинград: Просвещение, 1971год.
6. Экспрессивность текста и перевод, М.А. Козырев.
И-во казанского университета, 1991.
Приложение 1
5. Murder will out. | Убийство раскроется (дословный перевод). | ||
Шила в мешке не утаишь (русская пословица). | |||
Пословица в ситуации: “You know, Dad, when I was ten I didn’t like geography and often got bad marks at geography lessons. So I tried to hide my day-book with bad marks in it.” “Why, Fred, do you think I didn’t guess what you had done? Murder will out, after all.” | |||
6. If the cap fits, wear it. | Если шапка подходит, носи ее. | ||
На воре шапка горит. | |||
Пословица в ситуации: “Don’t you speak to me in that manner!” said Mary. “Do you think I took your book and lost it?” “Well, if the cap fits, wear it,” answered Kate. | |||
7. Deeds, not words. | Нужны дела, а не слова. | ||
О человеке судят по его делам. | |||
Пословица в ситуации: “Mother! What does the proverb ‘Deeds, not words’ mean?” “It means that a person is known and judged more by his actions than by what he says.” | |||
8. Every dog has his day. | У каждой собаки свой праздник бывает. | ||
Будет и на нашей улице праздник. | |||
Пословица в ситуации: “I’m lucky today, your turn will come later on . Tomorrow our positions may be reserved.” “Yes, every dog has his day and good fortune comes once to all of us.” |
9. A drowning man will catch a straw. | Утопающий за соломинку схватится (дословный перевод). |
Утопающий хватается за соломинку (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: “The young man will lose his sight, I am afraid, but still he and his parents hope when he gets stronger we shall be able to restore it”, said the doctor. “A drowning man will catch at a straw,” his friend remarked. | |
10. There is no smoke without fire. | Нет дыма без огня. Дословный перевод совпадает с русской пословицей. |
Пословица в ситуации: “Who told you this? Mary? I can’t believe that Paul could let his friends down,” said Betty. “Believe it or not as you like, but there is no smoke without fire,” answered Mike. | |
11. Pride goes before a fall. | Гордыня до добра не доводит. |
Кто слишком высоко летает, тот низко падает. | |
Пословица в ситуации: Mary boasted that she would be a scientist, yet she couldn’t enter the institute. “Remember, pride goes before a fall,” her friend said to her. | |
12. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. | Чтобы узнать, каков пудинг, надо его отведать. |
Все проверяется на практике. Обед узнают по кушанью, а ум по слушанью. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “I think that our young friend John is taking a big risk by starting up business of his own.” “It’s hard to say yet. He may make a success of it. After all the proof of the pudding is in the eating, isn’t it?” |
13. Neck or nothing. | Либо добьюсь, либо себе шею сверну (дословный перевод). |
Либо пан, либо пропал (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: He trained very much for the competition. “It would be neck or nothing,” he said. He would break the school record in boxing and set a new one. | |
14. Cut your coat according to your cloth. | Крои пальто в соответствии с материалом. |
По одежке протягивай ножки. | |
Пословица в ситуации: The girl was poor and had to cut her coat according To her cloth. | |
15. Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. | Не считай цыплят, пока они не вылупились. |
Цыплят по осени считают. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched, ” said Mary. “A coward’s proverb,” cried Mike gaily. “You lose half the fun, if you don’t.” | |
16. Care killed the cat. | Забота убила кошку. |
Заботы до добра не доводят. Не работа старит, а забота. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Come, come,” said Tom, “stop this talk. Care killed the cat.” |
17. Practise what you preach. | Поступай так, как проповедуешь (дословный перевод). |
Слова не должны расходиться с делом (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: The moral of the proverb “Practise what you preach” is: behave in the same way as you advise others to behave. Do not recommend early rising if you yourself lie in bed till noon. | |
18. It is no use crying over spilt milk. | Бесполезно лить слезы над пролитым молоком. |
Слезами горю не поможешь. Потерянного не воротишь. | |
Пословица в ситуации: There was a long silence, then he said, “Well, I judge there’s no use crying over spilt milk.” | |
19. The devil is not so black as he is painted. | Не так черен дьявол, как его рисуют. |
Не так страшен черт, как его малюют. | |
Пословица в ситуации: When Victor failed in the examination, life suddenly seemed very hard. But his father said that the devil was not so black as he was painted, and that Victor must try and take the examination again. | |
20. To make a silk purse out of the sow’s ear. | Сделать шелковый кошелек из уха свиньи. |
Сделать человека. | |
Пословица в ситуации: The boy was coarse and had bad manners. But he was good at heart. It was quite possible to make a silk purse out of that sow’s ear. |
21. Brevity is the soul of wit. | Краткость - душа ума (остроумия) (дословный перевод). |
Краткость - сестра таланта (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: He always writes short letters, he believes that brevity is the soul of wit. | |
22. No news is good news. | Отсутствие новостей - хорошая новость. |
Лучшая новость - отсутствие всякой новости. | |
Пословица в ситуации: The doctor said, 'Then there’s no news at all; and no news, they say, is good news.' | |
23. Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you? | Не тревожь беду, пока беда сама не потревожит тебя. |
Не кличь беду, сама придет. Не буди лихa, пока лихо тихо. | |
Пословица в ситуации: His heart felt heavy with the thought that something was about to happen. “Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you!’ said Mary angrily. And at once he felt a little better. | |
24. East or West, home is best. | Восток ли, запад ли, а дома лучше всего. |
В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше. | |
Пословица в ситуации: She was standing on the same bridge talking to Bob, whom she had not seen for five years. Well, East or West, home is best! She was happy to be at home again. |
37. Every cloud has a silver lining. | Всякое облако серебром оторочено (дословный перевод). |
Нет худа без добра (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: Don’t get upset. Every cloud has a silver lining. | |
38. First think, then speak. | Сперва подумай, потом говори. |
Молвишь, не воротишь. Слово не воробей, вылетит, не поймаешь. | |
Пословица в ситуации: The favourite proverb of our teacher is “First think, then speak”. Sometimes he says: "To speak without thinking is to shoot without looking." | |
39. One good turn deserves another. | Одна хорошая услуга заслуживает другую. |
Долг платежом красен. Услуга за услугу. | |
Пословица в ситуации: He did me a good turn once, and I try to help him when I can. One good turn deserves another. | |
40. To tell tales out of school. | Разбалтывать (сплетничать) за стенами школы. |
Выносить сор из избы. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “He’s got into trouble.” “Tell us about it.” “I must not tell tales out of school.” |
45. A stitch in time saves nine. | Один стежок, сделанный вовремя, стоит девяти (дословный перевод). |
Дело вовремя - не бремя (русская пословица). Минутка час бережет. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Pete, what are you doing with your bicycle? It is quite new. You have bought it this year.” “You know, Nick, a stitch in time saves nine.” | |
46. Little strokes fell great oaks. | Малые удары валят большие дубы. |
Терпение и труд все перетрут. Капля по капле и камень долбит. | |
Пословица в ситуации: You must be more patient. Some time will pass, and you may have a success. One could cut down even the largest of trees with a penknife. You know the proverb “Little strokes fell great oaks”. | |
47. There’s many a slip between the cup and the lip. | Многое может произойти за то время, пока подносишь чашку к губам. |
Не говори «гоп», пока не перепрыгнешь. Наперед не загадывай. Это бабушка надвое сказала. | |
Пословица в ситуации: There’s many a slip between the cup and the lip! Who knows what may happen, Dick! Who knows whether you will be the chairman next year? | |
48. Everything is good in its season. | Все хорошо в свое время. |
Всякой вещи свое время. Всякому овощу свое время. | |
Пословица в ситуации: The old man was fond of tea, but he took it only at tea-time. So he always said, 'Everything is good in its season!' |
53. It never rains but it pours. | Беда обрушивается не дождем, а ливнем (дословный перевод). |
Пришла беда - отворяй ворота (русская пословица). Беда одна не ходит. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “It never rains but it pours,” said the neighbours. Very soon after father’s death Mike’s mother died and he became an orphan. | |
54. Business before pleasure. | Сначала дело, потом развлечения. |
Делу время, потехе час. Сделал дело, гуляй смело. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Do your homework, Nick. You must do it first. You know that business comes before pleasure,” said Father to his son. | |
55. Never say die. | Никогда не следует падать духом, отчаиваться. |
Не вешай носа. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “I hate this old house. Why can’t we leave it,” said Peter. “Never say die, Peter,” said his wife. “We’ll get a new flat soon, you’ll see.” | |
56. Tastes differ. | У каждого свой вкус. |
О вкусах не спорят. На вкус и цвет товарища нет. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “I like this place,” said the young man. “Tastes differ. As for me, I prefer the seaside.” George smiled at his brother |
57. It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back. | Последняя соломинка ломает спину верблюда (дословный перевод). |
Последняя капля переполняет чашу (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Leave the room,” Mr. Smith shouted angrily. It was the last straw that broke the camel’s back. “Leave the room at once and let me sleep.” The boy went out and shut the door. | |
58. Honesty is the best policy. | Честность - лучшая политика. |
Пословица в ситуации: “Honesty is the best policy,” Mary thought. She at once made up her mind to tell her mother that she had broken her favourite vase. | |
59. Let sleeping dogs lie. | Спящих собак не буди. |
Не буди лихо, пока лихо тихо. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “The woman next door always has clothes hanging out on the line. It looks awful. I want to write a sharp note to her husband. What do you think?” “I don’t advise you to do this. Let sleeping dogs lie.” | |
60. Second thoughts are best. | Вторые мысли лучше. |
Семь раз отмерь, один раз отрежь. | |
Пословица в ситуации: I sat down to write him a strong letter of complaint. Then I had second thoughts and went to see him instead. We parted the best of friends. |
65. To run with the hare and hunt with the hounds. | Уносить ноги вместе с зайцем и одновременно преследовать его гончими (т.е. вести двойную игру) (дословный перевод). | |
Вести двойную игру (русская пословица). Служить и нашим и вашим. И нашим, и вашим - всем спляшем. | ||
Пословица в ситуации: “I am not going to run with the hare and hunt with the hounds,” he thought. “I must act for her.” | ||
66. A friend in need is a friend indeed. | Друг в беде есть настоящий друг. | |
Друзья познаются в беде. Друг в нужде - истинный друг. | ||
Пословица в ситуации: Ann helped Helen during her illness. She was really a friend in need. And Helen was grateful for her. | ||
67. All is not gold that glitters. | Не все, что блестит - золото. | |
Не все золото, что блестит. Не всякая блестка золото. | ||
Пословица в ситуации: You must be careful. All is not gold that glitters. | ||
68. Nothing venture, nothing have. | Ничем не рисковать, значит, ничего не иметь. | |
Попытка - не пытка. Волков бояться - в лес не ходить. Не рискуя, не добудешь. | ||
Пословица в ситуации: “We’ll try,” said the teacher. “Nothing venture, nothing have.” |
69. Make hay while the sun shines. | Коси и суши сено, пока солнце светит (дословный перевод). |
Коси коса, пока роса (русская пословица). Куй железо, пока горячо. | |
Пословица в ситуации: We must leave today. The wind is good now and there won’t be any snow for a few days. If we make hay while the sun shines, we’ll be able to reach the place in a week. | |
70. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. | Никогда не откладывай на завтра то, что ты можешь сделать сегодня. |
Не откладывай на завтра того, что можешь сделать сегодня. Завтра, завтра - не сегодня, так ленивцы говорят. | |
Пословица в ситуации: Mary is angry with Jane. This is what she says to her, “I don’t know anybody like you, Jane! Your favourite word is ‘tomorrow’. It’s the first word you say when anybody talks to you about works. Remember the proverb - never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.” | |
71. Forewarned is forearmed. | Заранее предупрежденный - заранее вооруженный. |
Предупреждение - тоже бережение. | |
Пословица в ситуации: We knew of the danger because our friends had warned us. Forewarned is forearmed. We were prepared for the attack. | |
72. Let bygones be bygones. | Пусть прошлое прошлым и останется. |
Кто старое помянет, тому глаз вон. Что было, то прошло. Что прошло, то быльем поросло. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Are you in love with him still?” “I don’t know. I want him to come back. If he does that, we’ll let bygones be bygones.” |
81. To make a mountain out of a molehill. | Делать гору из кротовины (дословный перевод). |
Делать из мухи слона (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: She wondered why he, who had not usually troubled over things of little importance, made such a mountain out of this molehill. | |
82. Rome was not built in a day. | Рим строился не один день. |
Москва не сразу строилась. | |
Пословица в ситуации: Rome was not built in a day, son. We started on the small jobs too, but now we are all skilled workers. | |
83. As well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb. | Все равно за что быть повешенным: за овцу или ягненка. |
Семь бед - один ответ. Двум смертям не бывать, а одной не миновать. | |
Пословица в ситуации: If you are wise, George, you will go to your office and write me your check for three hundred thousand dollars. You can’t be hanged any more for a sheep than for a lamb. | |
84. Where there is a will there is a way. | Где есть желание, там есть и путь. |
Где хотенье, там и уменье. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “Still you can learn to do something else, you know. Where there is a will there is a way.” “I am very willing,” said Spike. |
85. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. | Лучше одна птичка в руках, чем две в кустах (дословный перевод). |
Не сули журавля в небе, а дай синицу в руки (русская пословица). | |
Пословица в ситуации: If you can’t give me a flat, please, give me a room in the hostel. What I need is a roof over my head. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. | |
86. Talk of the devil and he will appear. | Заговори о черте и он появится. |
Легок на помине. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “What’s the matter, Smith?” “Oh, it’s you, Mr. Brown. I was thinking of you. Talk of the devil and he will appear!” he said, making a joke of it. | |
87. Fortune favours the brave. | Судьба благоприятствует смелым. |
Смелость города берет. Смелым всегда удача. | |
Пословица в ситуации: It is quite true that “fortune favours the brave”, as the old proverb says. The successful people in life are those who have the courage to try. | |
88. Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth. | Дареному коню в рот не смотри. |
Дареному коню в зубы не смотрят. | |
Пословица в ситуации: “I just wanted to ask you: must I take this TV set? I don’t think it’s a good one.” “But it’s a present. Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth.” |