- Сложносоставных слов в зависимости от их правописания (См. приложение 4).
Семантические модели образования данных слов с примерами их контекстуального употребления, правилами написания могут быть использованы в практике преподавания английского языка на среднем и продвинутом уровнях в спецшколах и ВУЗах.
Приложение 1.[23]
| 1. | Сложносоставные имена существительные | |
| а | N+N | Bath towel; boy friend, death blow |
| b | V+N | Pickpocket; breakfast |
| c | N+V | Nosebleed, sunshine |
| d | V+V | Make-believe |
| e | Adj+N | Deep structure, fast-food |
| f | Part+N | In-crowd, downtown |
| g | Adv+N | Now generation |
| h | V+part | Cop-out, dropout |
| i | Phrase compound | Son-in-law |
| 2. | Сложносоставные глаголы | |
| a | N+V | Skydive |
| b | Adj+V | Fine-tune |
| c | Part+V | Overbook |
| d | Adj+N | Brownbag |
| 3. | Сложносоставные имена прилагательные | |
| a | N+Adj | Card-carrying, childproof |
| b | V+Adj | Fail-safe |
| c | Adj+Adj | Open-ended |
| d | Adv+Adj | Cross-modal |
| e | Part+Adj | Overqualified |
| f | N+N | Coffee-table |
| g | V+N | Roll-neck |
| h | Adj+N | Red-brick, blue-collar |
| i | Part+N | In-depth |
| j | V+V | Go-go, make-believe |
| k | Adj/Adv+V | High-rise |
| l | V+Part[24] | See-through, towaway |
Приложение 2.[25]
Исчисляемые сложносоставные существительные.
| Address book | Cover up | Guided missile |
| Air conditioner | Package holiday | Health center |
| Air raid | Parent-Teacher Association | Heart attack |
| Alarm clock | Parking meter | High school |
| Assembly line | Passer-by | Human being |
| Baby-sitter | Pen-friend | Letter-box |
| Back-seat driver | Personal computer | Lily of the valley |
| Bank account | Polar bear | Looker-on |
| Bird of prey | Police station | Musical instrument |
| Book token | Post office | Nervous breakdown |
| Blood donor | Runner-up | News bulletin |
| Bride-to-be | Sleeping bag | Old hand |
| Bring-and-buy sale | Summing up | One-parent family |
| Brother-in-law | Credit card | Swimming pool |
| Burglar alarm | Dining room | T-shirt |
| Bus stop | Drawing pin | Tea bag |
| Can opener | Driving license | Telephone number |
| Car park | Estate agent | Traveller's cheque |
| Chatter-box | Fairy tale | Tea-table |
| Come-on | Film star | Washing machine |
| Compact disc | Fire engine | X-ray |
| Comrade in arms | Fork-lift truck | Youth hostel |
| Contact lens | Frying pan | Zebra crossing |
Неисчисляемые сложносоставные существительные
| Air conditioning | Further education | Show business |
| Air-traffic control | General knowledge | Show jumping |
| Barbed wire | Hay fever | Sign language |
| Birth control | Heart failure | Social security |
| Blood pressure | Higher education | Social work |
| Bubble bath | Hire purchase | Stainless steel |
| Capital punishment | Income tax | Table tennis |
| Central heating | Junk food | Talcum powder |
| Chewing gum | Law and order | Toilet paper |
| Common sense | Lost property | Turn-over |
| Cotton wool | Mail order | Tracing paper |
| Data processing | Make-up | Unemployment benefit |
| Do-it-yourself | Mineral water | Value added tax |
| Dry-cleaning | Nail vanish | Washing powder |
| Family planning | Natural history | Washing-up liquid |
| Fancy dress | Old age | Water-skiing |
| Fast food | Pocket money | Writing paper |
| First aid | Remote control | |
| Food poisoning | Science fiction |
Сложносоставные существительные, употребляемые только в единственном числе.
| Age of consent | Fire brigade | Open air |
| Arms race | General public | Private sector |
| Brain drain | Generation gap | Public sector |
| Colour bag | Greenhouse effect | Rank and file |
| Cost of living | Human race | Solar system |
| Death penalty | Labour force | Sound barrier |
| Diplomatic corps | Labour market | Space age |
| Dress circle | Long jump | Welfare state |
| Drying-up | Mother-tongue | Woman's movement |
Сложносоставные существительные, употребляемые только во множественном числе.
| Armed forces | Industrial relations | Social services |
| Baked deans | Inverted commas | Social studies |
| Civil rights | Licensing laws | Swimming trunks |
| Current affairs | Luxury goods | Vocal cords |
| French fries | Modern languages | Winter sports |
| Grass roots | Natural resources | Yellow pages |
| High heels | Race relations | |
| Human rights | Road works |
Приложение 3.[26]
Качественные сложносоставные имена прилагательные
| Absent-minded | Light-hearted | Second-class | Tongue-tied |
| Accident-prone | Long-lasting | Second-rate | Top-heavy |
| Big-headed | Long-standing | Shop-soiled | Trouble-free |
| Clear-cut | Long-suffering | Short-handed | Two-edged |
| Close-fitting | Low-cut | Short-lived | Two-faced |
| Cold-blooded | Low-paid | Short-sighted | Warm-hearted |
| Easy-going | Low-slung | Short-tempered | Well-balanced |
| Far-fetched | Mouth-watering | Slow-witted | Well-behaved |
| Far-reaching | Muddle-headed | Smooth-talking | Well-dressed |
| Good-looking | Narrow-minded | Soft-hearted | Well-known |
| Good-tempered | Nice-looking | Starry-eyed | Well-off |
| Hard-up | Off-hand | Strong-minded | Well-paid |
| Hard-wearing | Off-putting | Stuck-up | Wind-blown |
| Ill-advised | Old-fashioned | Sun-tanned | Worldly-wise |
| Kind-hearted | One-sided | Swollen-headed | Wrong headed |
| Labour-saving | Open-minded | Tender-hearted | |
| Laid-back | Run-down | Thick-skinned |
Классифицирующие сложносоставные имена прилагательные
| Air-conditioned | Full-blown | Off-guard |
| All-out | Full-face | Off-peak |
| All-powerful | Full-grown | Open-ended |
| Audio-visual | Full-length | Open-mouthed |
| Blue-blooded | Full-scale | Panic-stricken |
| Bow-legged | Gill-edged | Part-time |
| Brand-new | Grey-haired | Present-day |
| Breast-fed | Half-price | Purpose-built |
| Broken-down | Half-yearly | Ready-made |
| Broken-hearted | Hand-picked | Record-breaking |
| Built-up | High-heeled | Red-brick |
| Bullet-proof | Home-made | Remote-controlled |
| Burnt-out | Ice-cold | Right-angled |
| Cast-off | Interest-free | Right-handed |
| Clean-shaven | Knee-deep | Second-class |
| Cross-Channel | Last-minute | Second-hand |
| Cross-country | Late-night | See-through |
| Cut-price | Lead-free | Silver-plated |
| Deep-sea | Left-handed | Single-handed |
| Double-barrelled | Life-size | So-called |
| Double-breasted | Long-distance | So-so |
| Drip-dry | Long-lost | South-east |
| Drive-in | Long-range | South-west |
| Duty-bound | Loose-leaf | Strong-arm |
| Duty-free | Made-up | Tax-free |
| Empty-handed | Man-eating | Tone-deaf |
| Face-saving | Mass-produced | Top-secret |
| Far-flung | Middle-aged | Unheard-of |
| First-class | Never-ending | Wide-awake |
| Free-range | North-east | World-famous |
| Free-standing | North-west | Worn-out |
| Freeze-dried | Nuclear-free | Year-long |
| Front-page | Odds-on |
Сложносоставные имена прилагательные обозначающие цвет
| Blood-red | Ice-blue | Pea-green |
| Blue-black | Iron-grey | Pearl-grey |
| Bottle-green | Jet-black | Royal-blue |
| Dove-grey | Lime-green | Shocking-pink |
| Electric-blue | Nut-brown | Sky-blue |
| Flesh-coloured | Off-white | Snow-white |
Приложение 4.[27]
Примеры взяты из The Associated Press Stylebook and Libel Manual, The Gregg Reference Manual и The American Heritage Dictionary (Вильям Сабин)
Закрытые сложносоставные слова (имена прилагательные существительные и наречия)
afterthought; anytime; anywhere; awestruck; backup; backyard; beforehand; breakdown; breathtaking; buildup (also build-up); burnout; byproduct (так же by-product); cannot; caregiver; carryover; checkout; churchgoer; citywide; colorblind; countryside; coworker (так же co-worker); bankcard; database (так же data base); daylong; easygoing; extracurricular; frontline (так же front line); fundraiser (так же fund-raiser); fundraising (так же fund-raising); goodwill (так же good will); grownup (так же grown-up); holdup; homeowner (но home ownership); hourlong; kickoff; lifestyle (так же life-style, life style); makeup (так же make-up); marketplace; meantime; monthlong; nationwide; nevertheless; nonetheless; nonprofit; notwithstanding; nowhere; officeholder; ongoing; overexposure; overgeneralization; overgeneralize; paperwork (так же paper work); percent; preempt, preemptive; printout; proofread; pothole; redheaded (но red-haired); rollout; schoolmate; schoolroom; schoolteacher; schoolwork; schoolyard (но school day и school year); somewhere; springtime; statewide; stockholder; stockroom (так же stock room); storyteller; summertime; tablecloth; thereof; turnaround; waitperson; weekday; weeklong; wintertime; workday; workflow (но paper flow); workload; workplace (так же work place); workroom; workstation; worktable; workweek; workwoman; wrongdoing; yearlong
Сложносоставные слова, имеющие дефисное написание (имена прилагательные, существительные и наречия)
able-bodied; absent-minded; ad-lib; a-frame; African-American (так же African American); check-in; clean-cut; clearing-house (так же clearinghouse); close-up; e-mail; empty-handed; fact-finding; father-in-law; far-flung; far-off; far-ranging; follow-through (так же followthrough); follow-up (так же followup); front-runner (так же frontrunner); frame-up; free-for-all; free-lance; get-together; get-tough; G-string; half-mast; half-staff; hand-picked; hanky-panky; hard-core (так же hardcore); hi-fi; high-tech; ho-hum; hush-hush; in-law; know-how; life-size; mind-blowing; mind-boggling; mother-in-law; narrow-minded; nitty-gritty; not-for-profit; one-sided; passer-by; pell-mell; policy-maker, policy-making; pooh-pooh; red-haired (но redheaded); red-hot; re-elect, re-election; roly-poly; second-rate; self-service; sign-on; soft-spoken; straight-laced; strong-arm; strong-willed; time-consuming; T-shirt; U-boat; U-turn; V-neck; voice-over; vote-getter; walk-through (как имя существительное); weak-kneed; well-being; well-to-do; wheeler-dealer; word-of-mouth; worn-out; year-end
Открытые сложносоставные слова
after all (так же afterall); cash flow; course work; every time; health care; ground water (так же groundwater); help desk; life span; mind frame; more so; paper flow (but workflow); profit sharing (но profit-sharing arrangement); pro forma; pro rata; school day; school year ( но schoolmate; schoolroom; schoolteacher; schoolwork; schoolyard ); time frame; time line; vice president; voice mail; word processing (но word-processed material); work force (так же workforce); work release; work sheet (так же worksheet)
Написание сложносоставных слов меняется в зависимости от их употребления.
Открытые сложносоставные слова, состоящие из более, чем двух элементов, имеющие в своем составе имена существительные / наречия, а так же сложносоставные имена прилагательные, которые имеют дефисное написание и стоят перед существительным, которое они определяют: