throw out His master threw him out.
"Searching/Finding"
check out I'm just going to check this book out of the library.
find out We should find out the truth.
figure out Can you figure out this word?
sound out Could you sound the director out on this question?
try out Did Mr. Smith try out a plane?
"Disappearing/Ending"
fade out Fade out the last scene at the end.
peter out The climbers' efforts to reach the top petered out.
phase out The makers have decided to phase out the production of this car.
run out The contract runs out next week.
sell out Have you sold out all the tickets yet?
wipe out The police men wipe out the enemy.
"Producing" (especially sounds, signals, etc.)
blurt out Peter blurted out the news before he considered its effect.
call out Jane call out when she saw her friend across the street.
cry out Jane, don't cry one's heart out.
let out He let out a cry of pain as the nail went into his foot.
speak out Speak out, we can't hear you.
spill out At last he spill out the story of his part in the crime.
"Giving/Helping or Supporting"
bear out The prisoner's story was borne out by his wife.
give out The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.
hand out Hand out the question papers as the students enter.
help out Can you help me out with my English homework?
pass out How many of the young men passed out this year?
point out The guide took us through the city, pointing interesting sights out.
Other Meanings
carry out We all have certain duties and jobs to carry out.
sort out Wait till I get you outside, and I'll sort you out!
stand out He stood out for better terms.
take out He never takes me out.
walk out on You can't walk out on your family at a time like this.
Phrasal Verbs with "Off"
"Departing"
drop off My top button has dropped off and I can't find it.
get off We must be getting off now.
head off Your should head off a quarrel.
see off All the parents were at the railway station, seeing the children off to school.
set off He set off for work an hour ago.
take off He took me off to the garden. [17]
"Preventing/Rejecting"
fight off I must wear warm clothes, as I am fighting off this cold.
hold off Why you hold your decision?
keep off Keep off the subject!
put off Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
scare off Higher coffee prices are scaring off the customers.
ward off The fighter had to ward off a dangerous blow.[16]
"Finishing/Completing"
carry off It was a daring attempt but he carried it off.
finish off I must finish off the work while the light is good.
pay off It's a good feeling to pay off the house after all these years.
pull off John at last pulled examine off.
top off Top off your compositions and put off. [15]
Other Meanings
call off The game was called off.
cool off It cools off with extreme slowness.
rip off John wouldn't dare to rip off a bank.
show off I think he visited us just to show off his new car.
tell off Six of us were told off to get fuel. [16]
"Phrasal Verbs with "Back"
"Returning"
bring back You must bring these library books back next week.
call back/phone back I'll call you back.
get back When did your neighbors get back from their holiday?
give back When can you give back the money?
take back My mind took me back to that evening .
"Repeating/Reciprocating"
answer back She always taught him not to answer back.
bounce back Small children often catch diseases, but they soon bounce back.
fight back She fought back her tears as she said goodbye.
pay back We will pay them back for the trick they played on us.
strike back He had a chance to strike back.
"Controlling/Suppressing"
choke back Jim had to choke back his anger or he would have hit the man.
cut back The factory's production has been cut back.
fight back I had to fight back a desire to laugh at the small child's remark.
hold back I held back from jumping into the cold water
Phrasal Verbs with "Away"
Away when combined with different verbs, can have the meaning of leaving, disappearing, or storing.
"Leaving/Separating"
break away Part of the country broke away to form a new nation.
drive away Don't drive people away who want to help you.
get away I couldn't get away at all last year, I was too busy.
go away There was no answer to my knock, so I went away
keep away The doctor advised Jim to keep away from fattening foods.
move away Losing interest, the crowd moved slowly away.
run away Don't run away, I want to talk to you.
scare away Higher coffee prices are scaring away the customers.
take away You may take away. [17]
"Disappearing/Making Something Disappear"
chuck away Why did you chuck your money away on such a worthless plan?
do away with This old custom is done away with.
fade away The music faded away.
give away The politician gave away his best chance to win the election
pass away Why the animals pass away?
throw away John throw away an advantage to rest.
"Hiding/Storing"
file away I'll file his name away for future use.
hideaway Muslim women hide away their faces.
lock away She locked her memories of him away in her heart.
put away Please put your toys away.
Phrasal Verbs with "Over"
Common phrasal verbs of "over" like think things over or check things over carry the meaning of considering or examining. However, when combined with other verbs, "over" can also carry the meaning of changing or transferring.
"Considering/Examining"
check over I asked the doctor to check me over.
look over We must look the school over before sending our son there.
mull over / think over Think over what I've said.
talk over Mrs. Taylor talk the prosecutor over her innocence.
"Changing/Transferring"
change over / Switch over If you change the words over, the sentence sounds over.
hand over The escaped criminal was handed over to the police.
move over There's room for three if you move over.
take over I want to take her all over the house.
Other Meanings
blow over I hope your troubles will soon blow over.
carry over The rights to the property carry over to the buyer.
get over How can we get over? The traffic's so busy.
run over The bathwater is running over!
smooth over Perhaps a gift of flowers will help to smooth your quarrel over.
2.1Phrasal verbs in use
The most import thing is to understand the meanings of English phrasal verbs and to be able to use them in speech and in writing. English people use them all the time: we can meet phrasal verbs in songs, magazines and newspaper articles. For example: [7] [2] [14]
We can give examples found in literature
1. What he saw was worse than he had figured out.
2. Very few people care about orphans.
1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789.
2. A man was brought up to the standards set by Reason.
3. The romantic poets, who could not put with and longed to transcend the limits set by nature and society to man, searched for permanence.
4. The challenge resulted in the emancipation of the creative imagination.
5. These views f the poet account for the fact that romantic poetry is largely inward-looking.
6. The penetrably of mystery attracted the romantic soul, but it was constantly pulled back into the real.
1. We find it difficult to keep in touch with ourselves.
2. Music helps us to keep in touch with ourselves.
3. Song stopped being a song and turned into sound.
4. The Beatles came along and solved the problem.
Also phrasal verbs used in the language of computing and the Internet are overwhelmingly English.
Whether you’re e-mailing or using word processor, surfing the net or just chatting with your friend about the new computer you’ve just bought, you’re sure to come across the verbs listed below.
pop up – appear suddenly
Every time I open this site, a new window pops up saying that I won a free prize.
scroll down – move (a page) down
There was a long list of names on the webpage and I had to scroll down to view all of them.
dial up – dial a number that connects a computer with an Internet service provider
Sometimes it takes my computer for ever to dial up to my Internet service provider.
plug in – insert a plug into an electric outlet
She forgot to plug in her printer and was wondering why it didn’t work.
log in – enter a computer by providing username and password
I log in to my bank account every week to check my balance.
set up – establish
I asked my friend help me set up my email account.
It is sensible to back up your files regularly. That way you can always restore an important document if it gets deleted.
Wait till the PC boots up, then log in and run the programs you need.
My PC broke down and I couldn't use it until somebody came and fixed it for me.
I can't listen to music on my computer because my speakers are not connected up.
The computer went down and when I booted up again the report I'd been working on had disappeared!
You must log in to the local network to be able to share files with other people.
You must log out and then log in again for the changes to take effect.
There's something wrong with my printer: it lets me print out one page at a time only.
I don't see any point in shutting down my PC when I go to lunch - I rarely spend more than fifteen minutes away from the computer during the working day.
Make sure you save all the documents you've been working with before you switch off your PC.
Some older PCs don't allow you to switch them on by clicking your mouse or pushing a key on the keyboard.
To post a message on this forum, type in your name and your message, then hit the 'Submit' button.
The virus wiped out all the data stored on the computer.[15]
Conclusion
It is not an exaggeration when we say that the items about Phrasal verbs are one of the main and important items of theoretical study and practical mastering of the English language.
Phrasal verbs take a considerable place in vocabulary verbs of Modern English language and are generally used in idiomatic phrases. Their functioning is heterogeneous with a view to their great variety. The development and supplementation of Phrasal verbs system proceeds in two directions: new verbs inclusion and semantic development.
In our paper we have analyzed about one hundred twenty verbs, taken from the informal speech. As a result, we can make the following conclusion:
Phrasal verbs are frequently used. Their usage becomes usual phenomena in English grammar as well as mass media.
As a rule usage of phrasal verbs in stylistic is not heterogeneous.
Having classified Phrasal verbs, taken from the informal speech with a view to their meaning we made a conclusion that the verbs with postposition “on” and “up” predominate as a large quantity of verbs with these postpositions are polysemantic.
Having the list of Phrasal verbs we can make the conclusion that postposition plays the main role in the semantic meaning of the verb. And those phrasal verbs usage in the informal speech allows us to express our thioughts and make our speech more dynamic and diverse.
So, this annual project can be used for studying and teaching this phenomenon in the course English grammar and for learning their meaning more deeply. [10]
Bibliography
1. Bollinger, D., (1971), The Phrasal Verb in English, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
2. Brazil, D. A Grammar of Speech D. Brazil. - Oxford University Press , 1995
3. Brinton, L., (1988), The Development of English Aspectual Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
4. Comrie, B., (1976), Aspect, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5. Live, A. H., (1965), The Discontinuous Verb in English, Word 21: 428-51.
6.Арнольд, И.В. Стилистика современного английского языка. И.В.Арнольд. - М.: Просвещение, 1981.
7. Speak English. English for Romanians. Magazine. 1, 1991,
Internet sources
8. Academic center: English as a Foreign Language http:// www.uhv.edu
/ac/elf/phrasal verbs. asp
9. English as 2nd Language http://esl.about.com/cs/intermediate/f/f.phrasal.htm.
11. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal verbs”, http://www.answer.com/topic/phrasal verbs
11. Phrasal verbs quiz http://www.stuff.co.uk/phrasal.htm.
12. Phrasal verbs h p://2udnature-online-eikaiwa.com/Phrasl verbs
13. English as 2nd Language http://esl.about.com/cs/intermediate/f/f.phrasal.htm
14. The Oxford companion to the “English Language” http://www.answers.com/topic/phrasal verbs
15. The owl at Product http://owl.english product. Edu/owl|resource/6301/01/
Dictionaries
16. Новейший англо-русский словарь, русско-английский.- К.: Издательство «Арий», М.: ИКТЦ «Лада»,2008,-960
17. Online-dictionary LINGVO
18. Oxford Advanced Dictionary of Current English [Text] / A.S. Hornsby with the assistance of A.P. Cowie, J. Windsor Lewis. – Oxford University Press, 1978. – 1055 p.
Ministry of Education and Youth
Slavonic University
Department of Romanic-Germanic Languages
Submitted by
Kadin Mariani
LE – 07-02
Research adviser
Elenciuc V.S.
Senior Teacher
Chisinau, 2009