Notice the double bar // which is used to indicate a British / American difference.
Some words have a main spelling that is used in both British and American E, & a second spelling that can also be used in one of these varieties.
organize, also -ise BrE /o:gэnaiz // ‘o:r / to arrange...
This nuans that both BrE and AmE speakers use the spelling organize, but British speakers also use the spelling organise.
British and American word differences
There are many differences between BrE and AmE vocabulary. For example, a small farm that grows fruits and vegetables for sale is called a truck farm by American speakers and a market garden by British speakers. In cases like this, the main definition is given at the British word, and the American word is given as an alternative, like this:
market garden /,...’..../ BrE // truck farm AmE — an area for growing vegetables and fruits for sale
The American form also has its own short entry: truck farm /’.../ n AmE for market garden. Sometimes the differences are lessclear than this. For example, the word truck (meaning a heavy road vehicle) is used in both BrE and AmE. But many British speakers call this vehicle a lorry, whereas Americans never use this word. In cases like this, the main definition goes at the «World English» form, like this:
truck /trLk/ n. 1 also lorry BrE — a large motor vehicle for carrying goods in large qualities.
Truck has no label, so it can be used in any variety of English, but lorry — as the label shows — would only be used by British speakers.
Прил 9
Прил 10-1
Прил 10-2
Прил 10-3
Приложение XI
Расхождение американского и британского вариантов на лексическом уровне
| BrE | AmE | R. eq. |
| to grill | to broil | жарить |
| garden centre | nursery | садоводство |
| custom | patronage | клиентура, покупатели |
| dressing table | vanity table | туалетный столик |
| tipex | white out | |
| headmaster | principal | директор |
| headmistress | principal | директриса |
| cloak-room | checkroom, coatroom, coatcheck | гардероб |
| cheque | check | чек |
| reel | spool | катушка |
| sledge | sled | сани |
| chafing dish | fondue | электрическая кастрюля, термос |
| deckchair | beachchair | шезлонг |
| fill in | fill out | заполнять |
| fillet | filet | филе |
| holiday | esp. vocation | каникулы |
| timber | lumber | древесина |
| sweet | dessert | диссерт |
| surname | esp. last name, family name | фамилия |
| polling day | election day | день выборов |
| round-about | traffic circle | кольцевая транспортная развязка |
| merry-go-round, roundabout | carousel | карусель |
| rise | raise | повышаться (о зарплате) |
| flip-flop | thong | шлепки |
| gymshol or plimsoll | sneaker | теннисные туфли |
| Wellington boot | rubber boot | сапоги |
| recreation ground | playground | площадка для игр, спортивная площадка |
| trainer, training shoe | sneaker, tennis shoe | теннисные туфли |
| round | around | вокруг, около |
| rubbish | garbage, trash | мусор |
| rubbish bin | trash can, garbage can | мусорное ведро |
| dust man, binman, dustbinman | garbage man, trash man, garbage collector sanitation worker | мусорщик |
| dust cart | garbage truck | мусорная машина |
| roller blind | blind, shade | жалюзи |
| tote | pari-mutuel machine | |
| draught | checker | шашка |
| draughtboard | checkerboard | шашечная доска |
| spring onion | scallion, greenonion | зеленый лук |
| spring roll, pancake roll | egg roll | |
| sweet potato | yam | |
| green pepper, sweet pepper | bell pepper | зеленый перец |
| peak time, peak viewing hours | prime time | |
| disaster area | distressed area | район бедствия |
| drink-driving | drunk-driving | вождение машины в нетрезвом состоянии |
| drink-driver | drunk-driver | пьяный водитель |
| stuffing | dressing | начинка |
| post | почта | |
| blackboard | chalkboard | доска |
| scone | biscuit | сконзы, печенье |
| teat | nipple | соска |
| pancake | crepe [kreip] | блин |
| engine driver | engineer | машинист |
| action replay | instant replay | повтор |
| thermionic valve | thermionic tube | термолампа |
| swimming costume | bathing suit, swim suit | купальный костюм |
| blank cheque | blank check | чек на предъявителя (без обозначения суммы оплаты) |
| bread bin | bread box | хлебница |
| washing machine | washer | стиральная машина |
| esp. cooker | esp. stove | газовая плита |
| fridge-freezer | refrigerator-freezer | морозилка |
| frying pan | skillet | сковорода |
| mobile library | bookmobile | передвижная библиотека на грузовике |
| washbasin, basin | sink, washbawl | раковина |
| tea towel | dish towel | столовое полотенце (для протирания посуды) |
| football | soccer | футбол |
| American football | football | американский футбол |
| bath, baths | bathtub | ванная комната |
| fitted carpets | wall-to-wall carpets | ковровое покрытие |
| railway station | railroad station | железнодорожная станция |
| supermarket | grocery store | бакалейно-гастроном. магазин |
| subway | underpass | подземный переход |
| turning | turn | поворот |
| phone | call | позвонить |
| pyjamas, jammies | pajamas, pj’s | пижама |
| tights | panty hose | колготки |
| kerb | curb | бордюр |
| badge | button, pin patch | значок |
| chip | French fry | чипсы |
| fancy dress | masquerade | маскарад |
| tin | can | жестяная банка |
| relief | benefit | пособие |
| witness box | stand, witness stand | место дачи свидетельских показаний |
| carriage | car | поезд |
| hire | rent | нанимать |
| railway | railroad | железная дорога |
| vest | undershirt | нижняя рубаха |
| tankard | stein | высокая пивная кружка (часто с крышкой) |
| esp. cinema | movie theatre | кинотеатр |
| free-post | business reply mail | |
| dumb-waiter | lazy Susan | вращающийся столик |
| drawing pin | thumbtack | кнопка |
| motor caravan | motor home | трейлер |
| motor way | free way | трасса |
| self-raising flour | self-rising flour | мука с пекарским порошком |
| spanner | wrench | гаечный ключ |
| ABC | ABC’s | алфавит |
| Halloween | Hallowe’en | Хэллоуин |
| denfine | denfin | пломба |
| candy-floss | cotton candy | сахарная вата |
| hire purchase | installment | продажа в рассрочку |
| report | reportcard | табель успеваемости |
| Welsh dresser | hutch | сервант |
| hipsters | hiphuggers | чулки |
| semiebreve | whole note | нота |
| semidetached | duplex | имеющий общую стену |
| flat | apartament | квартира |
| lift | elevator | лифт |
| tap | faucet | кран |
| biscuit | esp. cookie | печенье |
| esp. maize | esp. Indian corn, corn | кукуруза |
| porridge | oatmeal | каша |
| form | grade | класс |
| infant school | kindergarden | детский садик |
| Public Toilet | restroom | общественный туалет |
| shop | store | магазин |
| petrol | gasoline | бензин |
| lorry | truck | грузовик |
| path | sidewalk | тротуар |
| mainroad | highway | шоссе |
| postman | mailman | почтальон |
| postbox | mailbox | почтовый ящик |
| mum | mom | мама (сокр.) |
| pants | trousers | брюки |
| autumn | fall | осень |
| dressing gown | bathrobe | купальный халат |
| airhostess | stewardess | стюардесса |
| tip4 | dump | свалка |
| hall | hallway | прихожая, коридор |
| panties, pants | underpants, underwear | трусики |
| sweet2 | candy | конфеты |
| polling booth | voting booth | кабина для голосования |
| polling station | polling place, pals | избирательный участок |
| luggage | baggage | багаж |
| warm up | warm over | подогреть |
| draught | draft | сквозняк |
| draughtsman | drafts | чертежник |
| pen friend | pen pal | друг по переписке |
| conjurer | magician | фокусник |
| rubber | eraser | резинка, стерка |
| cookery | cooking | кулинария, стряпня |
| maths | math | математика |
| tablespoon | serving spoon | столовая ложка |
| combinations coms | union suit | комбинация |
| refrigerator | ice-box | холодильник |
| vacuum cleaner, hoover | vacuum | пылесос |
| tonic water, tonic | guinine water | тоник |
| Loo | John | туалет |
| cupboard | closet | шкаф, буфет |
| parcel | package | сверток |
| bookshop | bookstore | книжный магазин |
| car park | parking lot | стоянка |
| pavement | sidewalk | тротуар |
| fishfinger | fishstick | рыбные палочки |
| crisp potato | potato chip | хрустящий картофель |
| plasticine | play dough | пластилин |
| waistcoat | vest | жилет |
| station, railway station | depot | железнодорожная станция |
| wind-cheater | windbreaker | ветронепроницаемая куртка |
| puppy fat | baby fat | пухляк, толстяк |
| hotch-potch | hodge-podge | смесь, всякая всячина |
| vapours | pors | затуманенность |
| doodah | doodad | эта шутка |
| dental surgeon | oral surgeon | дантист |
| terrace | patio | терасса |
| sellotape | scotch tape, tape | скоч |
| Friesian | Holstein | черно-белая корова |
| question master | quizmaster | мастер головоломок |
| half-arsed | assed | глупый, тупой |
| perambulator, pram | baby carrige, baby buggy | детская коляска |
| barman | bartender, bar keeper | бармен |
| accumulator | storage battery | аккумулятор |
| pharmacist | druggist | аптека |
| torch | flashlight | фонарик |
| stores | grocery store | бакалейно-гастрономи-ческий магазин |
| limited, ltd. | incorporated, inc. | акционерное общество |
| hire purchase system | installment plan | покупка в рассрочку |
| porter, caretaker | janitor | швейцар |
| paraffin | kerosene | керосин |
| queue | line | очередь |
| literal | typo, typographical error | опечатка |
| cock | rooster | петух |
| first floor | second floor | второй этаж |
| handbag | сумочка | |
| telephone box | telephone booth | телефонная будка |
| ring up | call up | звонить |
| put through | connect | соединять |
| engaged | busy | занято |
| post code | zip code | почтовый индекс |
| letter-box | mailbox | почтовый ящик |
| change money | exchange money | обменивать / разменивать деньги |
| dinner jacket | tuxedo | смокинг |
| trousers | pants, trousers | брюки |
| block of flats | appartment house | многоэтажный дом |
| ask for a list | ask for a ride | попросить подвезти |
| return ticket | round trip ticket | обратный билет |
| single ticket | one way ticket | билет в одну сторону |
| transport | transportation | транспорт |
| tram | streetcar | трамвай |
| coach | bus | автобус |
| subway | underpass | подземный переход |
esp. 53